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MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
Micrel
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750 Series
High-Current Low-Dropout Regulators
General Description
The MIC29150/29300/29500/29750 are high current, high accuracy, low-dropout voltage regulators. Using Micrel's proprietary Super eta PNPTM process with a PNP pass element, these regulators feature 300mV to 370mV (full load) dropout voltages and very low ground current. Designed for high current loads, these devices also find applications in lower current, extremely low dropout-critical systems, where their tiny dropout voltage and ground current values are important attributes. The MIC29150/29300/29500/29750 are fully protected against overcurrent faults, reversed input polarity, reversed lead insertion, overtemperature operation, and positive and negative transient voltage spikes. Five pin fixed voltage versions feature logic level ON/OFF control and an error flag which signals whenever the output falls out of regulation. Flagged states include low input voltage (dropout), output current limit, overtemperature shutdown, and extremely high voltage spikes on the input. On the MIC29xx1 and MIC29xx2, the ENABLE pin may be tied to VIN if it is not required for ON/OFF control. The MIC29150/29300/29500 are available in 3- and 5-pin TO-220 and surface mount TO-263 packages. The MIC29750 7.5A regulators are available in 3- and 5-pin TO-247 packages.
Features
* High Current Capability MIC29150/29151/29152/29153 ................................ 1.5A MIC29300/29301/29302/29303 ................................... 3A MIC29500/29501/29502/29503 ................................... 5A MIC29750/29751/29752 ........................................... 7.5A * Low-Dropout Voltage ....................... 350mV at Full Load * Low Ground Current * Accurate 1% Guaranteed Tolerance * Extremely Fast Transient Response * Reverse-battery and "Load Dump" Protection * Zero-Current Shutdown Mode (5-Pin versions) * Error Flag Signals Output Out-of-Regulation (5-Pin versions) * Also Characterized For Smaller Loads With IndustryLeading Performance Specifications * Fixed Voltage and Adjustable Versions
Applications
* * * * * Battery Powered Equipment High-Efficiency "Green" Computer Systems Automotive Electronics High-Efficiency Linear Power Supplies High-Efficiency Post-Regulator For Switching Supply
Pin Configuration
123
1 23 4 5
MIC29150/29300BU
MIC29151/29152/29153BU MIC29301/29302/29303BU MIC29501/29502/29503BU
Pinout On all devices, the Tab is grounded.
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750 Three Terminal Devices: Pin 1 = Input, 2 = Ground, 3 = Output MIC29151/29301/29501/29751 Five Terminal Fixed Voltage Devices: Pin 1 = Enable, 2 = Input, 3 = Ground, 4 = Output, 5 = Flag MIC29152/29302/29502/29752 Adjustable with ON/OFF Control Pin 1 = Enable, 2 = Input, 3 = Ground, 4 = Output, 5 = Adjust
MIC29153/29303/29503 Adjustable with Flag Pin 1 = Flag, 2 = Input, 3 = Ground, 4 = Output, 5 = Adjust
Micrel, Inc. * 1849 Fortune Drive * San Jose, CA 95131 * USA * tel + 1 (408) 944-0800 * fax + 1 (408) 944-0970 * http://www.micrel.com
123
1 23 45
MIC29150/29300/ 29500BT and MIC29750BWT
MIC29151/29152/29153BT MIC29301/29302/29303BT MIC29501/29502/29503BT MIC29751/29752BWT
March 2000
1
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
Micrel
Ordering Information
Part Number MIC29150-3.3BT MIC29150-4.2BT MIC29150-5.0BT MIC29150-12BT MIC29150-3.3BU MIC29150-5.0BU MIC29150-12BU MIC29151-3.3BT MIC29151-5.0BT MIC29151-12BT MIC29151-3.3BU MIC29151-5.0BU MIC29151-12BU MIC29152BT MIC29152BU MIC29153BT MIC29153BU MIC29300-3.3BT MIC29300-5.0BT MIC29300-12BT MIC29300-3.3BU MIC29300-5.0BU MIC29300-12BU MIC29301-3.3BT MIC29301-5.0BT MIC29301-12BT MIC29301-3.3BU MIC29301-5.0BU MIC29301-12BU MIC29302BT MIC29302BU MIC29303BT MIC29303BU Temp. Range* Volts Current Package -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C 3.3 4.2 5.0 12 3.3 5.0 12 3.3 5.0 12 3.3 5.0 12 Adj Adj Adj Adj 3.3 5.0 12 3.3 5.0 12 3.3 5.0 12 3.3 5.0 12 Adj Adj Adj Adj 1.5A 1.5A 1.5A 1.5A 1.5A 1.5A 1.5A 1.5A 1.5A 1.5A 1.5A 1.5A 1.5A 1.5A 1.5A 1.5A 1.5A 3.0A 3.0A 3.0A 3.0A 3.0A 3.0A 3.0A 3.0A 3.0A 3.0A 3.0A 3.0A 3.0A 3.0A 3.0A 3.0A TO-220 TO-220 TO-220 TO-220 TO-263 TO-263 TO-263 TO-220-5 TO-220-5 TO-220-5 TO-263-5 TO-263-5 TO-263-5 TO-220-5 TO-263-5 TO-220-5 TO-263-5 TO-220 TO-220 TO-220 TO-263 TO-263 TO-263 TO-220-5 TO-220-5 TO-220-5 TO-263-5 TO-263-5 TO-263-5 TO-220-5 TO-263-5 TO-220-5 TO-263-5 Part Number MIC29500-3.3BT MIC29500-5.0BT MIC29501-3.3BT MIC29501-5.0BT MIC29501-3.3BU MIC29501-5.0BU MIC29502BT MIC29502BU MIC29503BT MIC29503BU MIC29750-3.3BWT MIC29750-5.0BWT MIC29751-3.3BWT MIC29751-5.0BWT MIC29752BWT Temp. Range* Volts Current Package -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C -40 to +125C 3.3 5.0 3.3 5.0 3.3 5.0 Adj Adj Adj Adj 3.3 5.0 3.3 5.0 Adj 5.0A 5.0A 5.0A 5.0A 5.0A 5.0A 5.0A 5.0A 5.0A 5.0A 7.5A 7.5A 7.5A 7.5A 7.5A TO-220 TO-220 TO-220-5 TO-220-5 TO-263-5 TO-263-5 TO-220-5 TO-263-5 TO-220-5 TO-263-5 TO-247-3 TO-247-3 TO-247-5 TO-247-5 TO-247-5
* Junction Temperature
MIC29xx0 versions are 3-terminal fixed voltage devices. MIC29xx1 are fixed voltage devices with ENABLE and ERROR flag. MIC29xx2 are adjustable regulators with ENABLE control. MIC29xx3 are adjustables with an ERROR flag.
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
2
March 2000
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
Micrel
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Power Dissipation .................................... Internally Limited Lead Temperature (Soldering, 5 seconds) ................ 260C Storage Temperature Range ................... -65C to +150C Input Supply Voltage (Note 1) ....................... -20V to +60V
Operating Ratings
Operating Junction Temperature ............. -40C to +125C Maximum Operating Input Voltage ............................... 26V TO-220 JC .............................................................. 2C/W TO-263 JC .............................................................. 2C/W TO-247 JC ........................................................... 1.5C/W
Electrical Characteristics
All measurements at TJ = 25C unless otherwise noted. Bold values are guaranteed across the operating temperature range. Adjustable versions are programmed to 5.0V. Parameter Output Voltage Condition IO = 10mA 10mA IO IFL, (VOUT + 1V) VIN 26V (Note 2) Line Regulation Load Regulation VO T Dropout Voltage IO = 10mA, (VOUT + 1V) VIN 26V VIN = VOUT + 5V, 10mA IOUT IFULL LOAD (Note 2, 6) Output Voltage (Note 6) Temperature Coef. VOUT = - 1%, (Note 3) MIC29150 IO = 100mA IO = 750mA IO = 1.5A MIC29300 IO = 100mA IO = 1.5A IO = 3A MIC29500 IO = 250mA IO = 2.5A IO = 5A MIC29750 IO = 250mA IO = 4A IO = 7.5A MIC29150 MIC29300 MIC29500 MIC29750 IGNDDOGround Pin Current at Dropout IO = 750mA, VIN = VOUT + 1V IO = 1.5A IO = 1.5A, VIN = VOUT + 1V IO = 3A IO = 2.5A, VIN = VOUT + 1V IO = 5A IO = 4A, VIN = VOUT + 1V IO = 7.5A Min -1 -2 0.06 0.2 20 Typ Max 1 2 0.5 1 100 Units % % % % ppm/C
80 220 350 80 250 370 125 250 370 80 270 425 8 22 10 37 15 70 35 120 0.9 1.7 2.1 3.1 2.1 4.5 7.5 9.5 400 260
200 600 175 600 250 600 200 600 20 35 50 75
mV
Ground Current
mA mA mA mA
Current Limit
en, Output Noise Voltage (10Hz to 100kHz) IL = 100mA Ground Current in Shutdown
VIN = 0.5V less than specified VOUT. IOUT = 10mA MIC29150 MIC29300 MIC29500 MIC29750 MIC29150 VOUT = 0V (Note 4) MIC29300 VOUT = 0V (Note 4) MIC29500 VOUT = 0V (Note 4) MIC29750 VOUT = 0V (Note 4) CL = 10F CL = 33F MIC29150/1/2/3 only VEN= 0.4V
3.5 5.0 10.0 15
mA mA mA mA A A A A V (rms)
2
10 30
A A
March 2000
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MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
Micrel
Electrical Characteristics (Continued)
Reference
Parameter Reference Voltage
MIC29xx2/MIC29xx3
Conditions Min 1.228 1.215 (Note 8) 1.203 40 Typical 1.240 Max 1.252 1.265 1.277 80 120 Units V V max V nA
Reference Voltage Adjust Pin Bias Current Reference Voltage Temperature Coefficient Adjust Pin Bias Current Temperature Coefficient
(Note 7)
20
ppm/C
0.1
nA/C
Flag Output (Error Comparator) MIC29xx1/29xx3 Output Leakage Current Output Low Voltage Upper Threshold Voltage Lower Threshold Voltage Hysteresis ENABLE Input Input Logic Voltage Low (OFF) High (ON) Enable Pin Input Current VEN = 26V VOH = 26V Device set for 5V. VIN = 4.5V IOL = 250A Device set for 5V (Note 9) 40 25 0.01 1.00 2.00 300 400 A
220
mV
60
mV
Device set for 5V (Note 9)
75
95 140
mV
Device set for 5V (Note 9)
15
mV
MIC29xx1/MIC29xx2
V 0.8 2.4 100 600 750 1 2 10 500 A
VEN =0.8V Regulator Output Current in Shutdown (Note 10)
A A
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
4
March 2000
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
Notes
Note 1: Note 2: Note 3: Note 4: Note 5: Note 6: Note 7: Note 8: Note 9:
Micrel
Maximum positive supply voltage of 60V must be of limited duration (<100msec) and duty cycle (1%). The maximum continuous supply voltage is 26V. Full Load current (IFL) is defined as 1.5A for the MIC29150, 3A for the MIC29300, 5A for the MIC29500, and 7.5A for the MIC29750 families. Dropout voltage is defined as the input-to-output differential when the output voltage drops to 99% of its nominal value with VOUT + 1V applied to VIN VIN = VOUT (nominal) + 1V. For example, use VIN = 4.3V for a 3.3V regulator or use 6V for a 5V regulator. Employ pulse-testing procedures to minimize temperature rise. Ground pin current is the regulator quiescent current. The total current drawn from the source is the sum of the load current plus the ground pin current. Output voltage temperature coefficient is defined as the worst case voltage change divided by the total temperature range. Thermal regulation is defined as the change in output voltage at a time T after a change in power dissipation is applied, excluding load or line regulation effects. Specifications are for a 200mA load pulse at VIN = 20V (a 4W pulse) for T = 10ms. VREF VOUT (VIN - 1 V), 2.3V VIN 26V, 10mA < IL IFL, TJ TJ MAX. Comparator thresholds are expressed in terms of a voltage differential at the Adjust terminal below the nominal reference voltage measured at 6V input. To express these thresholds in terms of output voltage change, multiply by the error amplifier gain = VOUT /VREF = (R1 + R2)/R2. For example, at a programmed output voltage of 5V, the Error output is guaranteed to go low when the output drops by 95 mV x 5V/1.240 V = 384 mV. Thresholds remain constant as a percent of VOUT as VOUT is varied, with the dropout warning occurring at typically 5% below nominal, 7.7% guaranteed.
Note 10: VEN 0.8V and VIN 26V, VOUT = 0. Note 11: When used in dual supply systems where the regulator load is returned to a negative supply, the output voltage must be diode clamped to ground.
Block Diagram
IN O.V. ILIMIT 1.180V FLAG 1.240V 28V R1* OUT
Reference
ADJ EN Thermal Shutdown
R2*
GND * Feedback network in fixed versions only Adjustable version only
Typical Applications
5V 5%
MIC29500-3.3
3.3V 1% @ 5A 47F
VIN R1 VOUT
R2
VOUT = 1.240V x [1 + (R1 / R2)]
Figure 1. Fixed output voltage.
Figure 2. Adjustable output voltage configuration. For best results, the total series resistance should be small enough to pass the minimum regulator load current. 5 MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
March 2000
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
Micrel
Typical Characteristics MIC2915x
MIC2915x Dropout Voltage vs. Output Current
450 0.8
MIC2915x Dropout Voltage vs. Temperature
5.0
MIC29150-5.0 Dropout Characteristics
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV)
DROPOUT VOLTAGE (V)
400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 0.0 0.5 1.0 OUTPUT CURRENT (A) 1.5
0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 TEMPERATURE (C) ILOAD = 1.5A
4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 IOUT = 10mA IOUT = 1.5A
0
1 2 3 4 5 INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
6
MIC2915x Ground Current vs. Output Current
25 1.2
MIC2915x Ground Current vs. Supply Voltage
60
MIC2915x Ground Current vs. Supply Voltage
GROUND CURRENT (mA)
50 40 30 20 10 0 0 2 4 6 8 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 10 MIC29152 IOUT = 1.5A
GROUND CURRENT (mA)
GROUND CURRENT (mA)
20 15 10 5 0 0.0
1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 0
VOUT = 5V ILOAD = 10mA
0.4 0.8 1.2 OUTPUT CURRENT (A)
1.6
2 4 6 8 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
10
MIC2915x Ground Current vs. Temperature
300 2.5
MIC2915x Ground Current vs. Temperature
30
MIC2915x Ground Current vs. Temperature
GROUND CURRENT (mA)
25 20 15 10 5 0 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 TEMPERATURE (C) ILOAD = 1.5A
250 200 150 100 50 0 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 TEMPERATURE (C) ILOAD = 10mA
GROUND CURRENT (mA)
GROUND CURRENT (A)
2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 TEMPERATURE (C) ILOAD = 250mA
MIC29150-3.3 Output Voltage vs. Temperature
3.40 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 3.38 3.36
CURRENT (A)
MIC29150-3.3 Short Circuit Current vs. Temperature
3.0
MIC2915x Ground Current vs. Input Voltage
1.2 GROUND CURRENT (A) 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 -0.2 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 30 RLOAD = 100 VOUT = 5V
2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 TEMPERATURE (C) VOUT = 0V
3.34 3.32 3.30 3.28 3.26 3.24 3.22 3 DEVICES
3.20 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 TEMPERATURE (C)
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
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MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
Micrel
MIC29151-xx/2 Enable Current vs. Temperaure
OUTPUT (mV)
ENABLE CURRENT (A)
25 20 15 10 5 0 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 TEMPERATURE (C) VEN = 5V
200 0 -200 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 -0.5 -5
COUT = 10 F
OUTPUT (mV)
30
MIC2915x Load Transient
400 200 100 0 -100 -200 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 -0.5 -5
MIC2915x Load Transient
COUT = 100 F
OUTPUT (A)
VEN = 2V
ILOAD = 10mA
OUTPUT (A)
ILOAD = 10mA
0
5 10 15 TIME (ms)
20
25
0
5 10 15 TIME (ms)
20
25
MIC29152/3 Adjust Pin Current vs. Temperature
OUTPUT (mV)
50 ADJUST PIN CURRENT (nA) 40 30 20 10 ILOAD = 10mA
MIC2915x Line Transient
COUT = 10 F
OUTPUT (mV)
MIC2915x Line Transient
10 5 0 10 -5 8 6 4 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 TIME (ms) ILOAD = 10mA COUT = 100 F
30 20 10 0 -10 10 -20 8 6
INPUT (V)
0 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 TEMPERATURE (C)
4 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 TIME (ms)
MIC2915x Output Impedance vs. Frequency
10
OUTPUT IMPEDANCE ()
1
0.1
0.01
10x100
100x100
1x103
10x103
100x103
FREQUENCY (Hz)
March 2000
7
1x106
0.001
INPUT (V)
ILOAD = 10mA
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
Micrel
Typical Characteristics MIC2930x
MIC2930x Dropout Voltage vs. Output Current
0.40 0.8
MIC2930x Dropout Voltage vs. Temperature
5.0
MIC29300-3.3 Dropout Characteristics
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
DROPOUT VOLTAGE (V)
DROPOUT VOLTAGE (V)
0.35 0.30 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.00 0 1 2 OUTPUT CURRENT (A) 3
0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 TEMPERATURE (C) ILOAD = 3A
4.0 ILOAD = 10mA 3.0 2.0 ILOAD = 3A 1.0 0.0
0
2 4 INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
6
MIC2930x Ground Current vs. Output Current
50 2.0
MIC2930x Ground Current vs. Supply Voltage
125
MIC2930x Ground Current vs. Supply Voltage
GROUND CURRENT (mA)
GROUND CURRENT (mA)
40 30 20 10 0
GROUND CURRENT (mA)
FIXED 3.3V DEVICE RLOAD = 100 1.5
100 75 50 25 0 FIXED 3.3V IOUT = 3A
1.0
0.5
0
1 2 OUTPUT CURRENT (A)
3
0.0
0
2 4 6 8 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
10
0
2 4 6 8 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
10
MIC2930x Ground Current vs. Temperature
0.5 2.0
MIC2930x Ground Current vs. Temperature
60
MIC2930x Ground Current vs. Temperature
GROUND CURRENT (mA)
50 40 30 20 10 0 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 TEMPERATURE (C) IOUT = 3A
GROUND CURRENT (mA)
0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 TEMPERATURE (C)
GROUND CURRENT (mA)
1.5 IOUT = 250mA 1.0
IOUT = 10mA
0.5
0.0 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 TEMPERATURE (C)
MIC29300-3.3 Output Voltage vs. Temperature
3.40 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 3.38 3.36 CURRENT (A) 3.34 3.32 3.30 3.28 3.26 3.24 3 DEVICES 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
MIC29300-5.0 Short Circuit Current vs. Temperature
2.0 GROUND CURRENT (mA) 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0
MIC2930x Ground Current vs. Input Voltage
VOUT = 0V
3.22 3.20 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 TEMPERATURE (C)
RLOAD = 100 -0.5 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 30
0 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 TEMPERATURE (C)
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
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March 2000
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
Micrel
MIC29301-x/2 Enable Current vs. Temperaure
OUTPUT (A) OUTPUT (mV)
30 ENABLE CURRENT (A) 25 20 15 10 5 0 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 TEMPERATURE (C) VEN = 5V
MIC2930x Load Transient
COUT = 10 F
OUTPUT (A) OUTPUT (mV)
MIC2930x Load Transient
100 50 0 -50 -100 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -5 ILOAD = 10mA COUT = 100 F
800 600 400 200 0 -200 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -5
VEN = 2V
ILOAD = 10mA
0
5 10 15 TIME (ms)
20
25
0
5 10 15 TIME (ms)
20
25
MIC29302/3 Adjust Pin Current vs. Temperature
OUTPUT (mV)
ADJUST PIN CURRENT (nA)
20 0 -20 8.3 -40 6.3 4.3
COUT = 10 F
OUTPUT (mV)
50 40 30 ILOAD = 10mA 20 10 0 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 TEMPERATURE (C)
MIC2930x Line Transient
40 15 10 5 0 -5 8.3 -10 6.3 4.3
MIC2930x Line Transient
COUT = 100 F
INPUT (V)
2.3 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 TIME (ms)
INPUT (V)
ILOAD = 10mA
ILOAD = 10mA
2.3 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 TIME (ms)
MIC2930x Output Impedance vs. Frequency
10
OUTPUT IMPEDANCE ()
1
0.1
0.01
10x100
100x100
1x103
10x103
100x103
FREQUENCY (Hz)
March 2000
9
1x106
0.001
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
Micrel
Typical Characteristics MIC2950x
MIC2950x Dropout Voltage vs. Output Current
450 0.8
MIC2950x Dropout Voltage vs. Temperature
5.0
MIC29500-3.3 Dropout Characteristics
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
DROPOUT VOLTAGE (V)
DROPOUT VOLTAGE (V)
400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 0 1 2 3 4 OUTPUT CURRENT (A) 5
0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 TEMPERATURE (C) ILOAD = 5A
4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 ILOAD = 10mA
ILOAD = 5A
0
2 4 INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
6
MIC2950x Ground Current vs. Output Current
80 3.0
MIC2950x Ground Current vs. Supply Voltage
125
MIC2950x Ground Current vs. Supply Voltage
GROUND CURRENT (mA)
GROUND CURRENT (mA)
GROUND CURRENT (mA)
70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 OUTPUT CURRENT (A) 6
2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 0
FIXED 3.3V VERSIONS RLOAD = 100
100 75 50 25 0 FIXED 3.3V VERSION ILOAD = 5A 0 1 2 3 4 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 5
2 4 6 8 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
10
MIC2950x Ground Current vs. Temperature
0.5 4
MIC2950x Ground Current vs. Temperature
150
MIC2950x Ground Current vs. Temperature
GROUND CURRENT (mA)
125 100 75 50 25 0 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 TEMPERATURE (C) IOUT = 5A
GROUND CURRENT (mA)
0.4 0.3 0.2 IOUT = 10mA 0.1 0.0 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 TEMPERATURE (C)
GROUND CURRENT (mA)
3
2
1
IOUT = 500mA
0 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 TEMPERATURE (C)
MIC29500-3.3 Output Voltage vs. Temperature
3.40 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 3.38 3.36 CURRENT (A) 3.34 3.32 3.30 3.28 3.26 3.24 3 DEVICES 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2
MIC2950x-5.0 Short Circuit Current vs. Temperature
2.5
MIC2950x Ground Current vs. Input Voltage
GROUND CURRENT (mA)
2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 RLOAD = 100 -0.5 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 30
VOUT = 0V
3.22 3.20 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 TEMPERATURE (C)
1 0 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 TEMPERATURE (C)
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
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March 2000
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
Micrel
MIC29501-xx/2 Enable Current vs. Temperaure
OUTPUT (mV)
30 ENABLE CURRENT (A) 25 20 15 10 5 0 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 TEMPERATURE (C) VEN = 5V
MIC2950x Load Transient
1000 500 0 -500 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -5 COUT = 10 F OUTPUT (mV) 1500 100 50 0 -50 -100 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -5
MIC2950x Load Transient
COUT = 100 F
OUTPUT (A)
VEN = 2V
ILOAD = 10mA
OUTPUT (A)
ILOAD = 10mA
0
5 10 15 TIME (ms)
20
25
0
5 10 15 TIME (ms)
20
25
MIC29502/3 Adjust Pin Current vs. Temperature
OUTPUT (mV)
80 ADJUST PIN CURRENT (nA) 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 ILOAD = 10mA
MIC2950x Line Transient
50 0 -50 8.2 -100 6.2 4.2 2.2 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 TIME (ms) ILOAD = 10mA COUT = 10 F OUTPUT (mV) 100 20 10 0 -10 8.2 -20 6.2 4.2
MIC2950x Line Transient
COUT = 100 F
INPUT (V)
0 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 TEMPERATURE (C)
INPUT (V)
ILOAD = 10mA
2.2 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 TIME (ms)
MIC2950x Output Impedance vs. Frequency
10
OUTPUT IMPEDANCE ()
1
0.1
0.01
10x100
100x100
1x103
10x103
100x103
FREQUENCY (Hz)
March 2000
11
1x106
0.001
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
Micrel
Typical Characteristics MIC2975x
MIC2975x Dropout Voltage vs. Output Current
450
MIC2975x Dropout Voltage vs. Temperature
DROPOUT VOLTAGE (V)
1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 TEMPERATURE (C) 5.0
MIC29750-3.3 Dropout Characteristics
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV)
400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 0 1234567 OUTPUT CURRENT (A) 8
4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 ILOAD = 10mA
ILOAD = 7.5A
0
2 4 INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
6
MIC2975x Ground Current vs. Output Current
120 3.5
MIC2975x Ground Current vs. Supply Voltage
175 FIXED 3.3V VERSION IOUT = 10mA
MIC2975x Ground Current vs. Supply Voltage
GROUND CURRENT (mA)
150 125 100 75 50 25 0 0 FIXED 3.3V VERSION ILOAD = 7.5A 2 4 6 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 8
GROUND CURRENT (mA)
GROUND CURRENT (mA)
0 1234567 OUTPUT CURRENT (A) 8
100 80 60 40 20 0
3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 0
2 4 6 8 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
10
MIC2975x Ground Current vs. Temperature
0.5 4
MIC2975x Ground Current vs. Temperature
200
MIC2975x Ground Current vs. Temperature
GROUND CURRENT (mA)
GROUND CURRENT (mA)
0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 TEMPERATURE (C) IOUT = 10mA
GROUND CURRENT (mA)
3
150
IOUT = 7.5A
2 IOUT = 250mA 1
100
50
0 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 TEMPERATURE (C)
0 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 TEMPERATURE (C)
MIC29750-3.3 Output Voltage vs. Temperature
3.40 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 3.38 3.36 CURRENT (A) 3.34 3.32 3.30 3.28 3.26 3.24 3 DEVICES
MIC29750-5.0 Short Circuit Current vs. Temperature
12 11 10 9 VOUT = 0V 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 TEMPERATURE (C)
3.5 GROUND CURRENT (mA) 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5
MIC2975x Ground Current vs. Input Voltage
1.0 RLOAD = 100 0.5 0.0 -0.5 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 30
3.22 3.20 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 TEMPERATURE (C)
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
12
March 2000
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
Micrel
MIC29751-xx/2 Enable Current vs. Temperaure
OUTPUT (mV)
30 ENABLE CURRENT (A) 25 20 15 10 5 0 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 TEMPERATURE (C) VEN = 5V
MIC2975x Load Transient
1000 500 0 -500 10.0 7.5 5.0 2.5 0.0 -2.5 -5 ILOAD = 10mA COUT = 10 F OUTPUT (mV) 1500 300 200 100 0 -100 -200 10.0 7.5 5.0 2.5 0.0 -2.5 -5
MIC2975x Load Transient
COUT = 100 F
OUTPUT (A)
VEN = 2V
OUTPUT (A)
ILOAD = 10mA
0
5 10 15 TIME (ms)
20
25
0
5 10 15 TIME (ms)
20
25
MIC29752/3 Adjust Pin Current vs. Temperature
OUTPUT (mV)
80 ADJUST PIN CURRENT (nA) 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 ILOAD = 10mA
MIC2975x Line Transient
50 0 -50 8.3 -100 6.3 4.3 2.3 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 TIME (ms) ILOAD = 10mA COUT = 10 F OUTPUT (mV) 100 30 20 10 0 -10 8.3 -20 6.3 4.3
MIC2975x Line Transient
COUT = 100 F
INPUT (V)
0 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 TEMPERATURE (C)
INPUT (V)
ILOAD = 10mA
2.3 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 TIME (ms)
MIC2975x Output Impedance vs. Frequency
10
OUTPUT IMPEDANCE ()
1
0.1
0.01
10x100
100x100
1x103
10x103
100x103
FREQUENCY (Hz)
March 2000
13
1x106
0.001
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
Micrel
First, we calculate the power dissipation of the regulator from these numbers and the device parameters from this datasheet.
Applications Information
The MIC29150/29300/29500/29750 are high performance low-dropout voltage regulators suitable for all moderate to high-current voltage regulator applications. Their 300mV to 400mV dropout voltage at full load make them especially valuable in battery powered systems and as high efficiency noise filters in "post-regulator" applications. Unlike older NPN-pass transistor designs, where the minimum dropout voltage is limited by the base-emitter voltage drop and collector-emitter saturation voltage, dropout performance of the PNP output of these devices is limited merely by the low VCE saturation voltage. A trade-off for the low dropout voltage is a varying base drive requirement. But Micrel's Super eta PNPTM process reduces this drive requirement to merely 1% of the load current. The MIC29150-29750 family of regulators is fully protected from damage due to fault conditions. Current limiting is provided. This limiting is linear; output current under overload conditions is constant. Thermal shutdown disables the device when the die temperature exceeds the 125C maximum safe operating temperature. Transient protection allows device (and load) survival even when the input voltage spikes between -20V and +60V. When the input voltage exceeds about 35V to 40V, the overvoltage sensor temporarily disables the regulator. The output structure of these regulators allows voltages in excess of the desired output voltage to be applied without reverse current flow. MIC29xx1 and MIC29xx2 versions offer a logic level ON/OFF control: when disabled, the devices draw nearly zero current. An additional feature of this regulator family is a common pinout: a design's current requirement may change up or down yet use the same board layout, as all of these regulators have identical pinouts.
VIN IN OUT VOUT
PD = IOUT 1.01VIN - VOUT
(
)
Where the ground current is approximated by 1% of IOUT. Then the heat sink thermal resistance is determined with this formula:
T - TA SA = J MAX - JC + CS PD
(
)
Where TJ MAX 125C and CS is between 0 and 2C/W. The heat sink may be significantly reduced in applications where the minimum input voltage is known and is large compared with the dropout voltage. Use a series input resistor to drop excessive voltage and distribute the heat between this resistor and the regulator. The low dropout properties of Micrel Super eta PNP regulators allow very significant reductions in regulator power dissipation and the associated heat sink without compromising performance. When this technique is employed, a capacitor of at least 0.1F is needed directly between the input and regulator ground. Please refer to Application Note 9 and Application Hint 17 for further details and examples on thermal design and heat sink specification. Capacitor Requirements For stability and minimum output noise, a capacitor on the regulator output is necessary. The value of this capacitor is dependent upon the output current; lower currents allow smaller capacitors. MIC29150--29750 regulators are stable with the following minimum capacitor values at full load: Device Full Load Capacitor MIC29150 .............................. 10F MIC29300 .............................. 10F MIC29500 .............................. 10F MIC29750 .............................. 22F This capacitor need not be an expensive low ESR type: aluminum electrolytics are adequate. In fact, extremely low ESR capacitors may contribute to instability. Tantalum capacitors are recommended for systems where fast load transient response is important. Where the regulator is powered from a source with a high AC impedance, a 0.1F capacitor connected between Input and GND is recommended. This capacitor should have good characteristics to above 250kHz. Minimum Load Current The MIC29150-29750 regulators are specified between finite loads. If the output current is too small, leakage currents dominate and the output voltage rises. The following minimum load current swamps any expected leakage current across the operating temperature range:
GND
Figure 3. Linear regulators require only two capacitors for operation. Thermal Design Linear regulators are simple to use. The most complicated design parameters to consider are thermal characteristics. Thermal design requires the following application-specific parameters: * Maximum ambient temperature, TA * Output Current, IOUT * Output Voltage, VOUT * Input Voltage, VIN
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
14
March 2000
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
Micrel
Two resistors are used. Resistors can be quite large, up to 1M, because of the very high input impedance and low bias current of the sense comparator: The resistor values are calculated by:
Device
Minimum Load
MIC29150 .................................................... 5mA MIC29300 .................................................... 7mA MIC29500 .................................................. 10mA MIC29750 .................................................. 10mA Adjustable Regulator Design
V R1 = R 2 OUT - 1 1.240
Where VO is the desired output voltage. Figure 4 shows component definition. Applications with widely varying load currents may scale the resistors to draw the minimum load current required for proper operation (see above). Error Flag MIC29xx1 and MIC29xx3 versions feature an Error Flag, which looks at the output voltage and signals an error condition when this voltage drops 5% below its expected value. The error flag is an open-collector output that pulls low under fault conditions. It may sink 10mA. Low output voltage signifies a number of possible problems, including an overcurrent fault (the device is in current limit) and low input voltage. The flag output is inoperative during overtemperature shutdown conditions. Enable Input MIC29xx1 and MIC29xx2 versions feature an enable (EN) input that allows ON/OFF control of the device. Special design allows "zero" current drain when the device is disabled--only microamperes of leakage current flows. The EN input has TTL/CMOS compatible thresholds for simple interfacing with logic, or may be directly tied to 30V. Enabling the regulator requires approximately 20A of current.
MIC29152BT
VIN R1 10F R2 22F
VOUT
VOUT = 1.235V x [1 + (R1 / R2)]
Figure 4. Adjustable Regulator with Resistors The adjustable regulator versions, MIC29xx2 and MIC29xx3, allow programming the output voltage anywhere between 1.25V and the 26V maximum operating rating of the family.
March 2000
15
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
Micrel
Package Information
0.151 D 0.005 (3.84 D 0.13) 0.410 0.010 (10.41 0.25) 0.108 0.005 (2.74 0.13)
0.176 0.005 (4.47 0.13)
0.050 0.005 (1.27 0.13)
0.590 0.005 (14.99 0.13)
7
0.818 0.005 (20.78 0.13)
0.356 0.005 (9.04 0.13)
7
3
1.140 0.010 (28.96 0.25)
0.050 0.003 (1.27 .08) 0.100 0.005 (2.54 0.13)
0.030 0.003 (0.76 0.08)
0.018 0.008 (0.46 0.020)
0.100 0.020 (2.54 0.51) DIMENSIONS: INCH (MM)
3-Lead TO-220 (T)
0.4050.005 0.065 0.010 202 0.0500.005
0.176 0.005 0.050 0.005
0.3600.005 0.6000.025 SEATING PLANE 0.004 +0.004 -0.008
0.100 BSC DIM. = INCH
0.050
8 MAX 0.015 0.002
0.100 0.01
3-Lead TO-263 (U)
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
16
March 2000
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
Micrel
MOUNTING HOLE 0.125 (3.175) DIA TYP
0.190 - 0.210 (4.826 - 5.334) 0.620 - 0.640 (15.748 - 16.256) 0.180 - 0.200 (4.572 - 5.080) 15 TYP
15 TYP 0.160 - 0.180 (4.064 - 4.572) Dimensions: inch (mm)
0.860 - 0.880 (21.844 - 22.352)
7 TYP 0.250 (6.350) MAX
0.780 - 0.820 (19.812 - 20.828)
0.040 - 0.060 (1.016 - 1.524)
0.070 - 0.090 (1.778 - 2.286) 0.110 - 0.130 (2.794 - 3.302)
0.070 - 0.090 (1.778 - 2.286)
0.025 - 0.035 (0.635 - 0.889)
0.200 (5.080) BSC
3-Lead TO-247 (WT)
March 2000
17
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
Micrel
0.150 D 0.005 (3.81 D 0.13) 0.400 0.015 (10.16 0.38) 0.108 0.005 (2.74 0.13) 0.241 0.017 (6.12 0.43)
0.177 0.008 (4.50 0.20) 0.050 0.005 (1.27 0.13)
0.578 0.018 (14.68 0.46)
SEATING PLANE
7 Typ. 0.550 0.010 (13.97 0.25)
0.067 0.005 (1.70 0.127) 0.268 REF (6.81 REF)
0.032 0.005 (0.81 0.13)
0.018 0.008 (0.46 0.20)
0.103 0.013 (2.620.33)
Dimensions: inch (mm)
5-Lead TO-220 (T)
0.4050.005 0.065 0.010 202 0.0500.005
0.176 0.005 0.060 0.005
0.3600.005 0.6000.025 SEATING PLANE 0.004 +0.004 -0.008
0.0670.005 DIM. = INCH
0.032 0.003
8 MAX 0.015 0.002
0.100 0.01
5-Lead TO-263 (U)
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
18
March 2000
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
Micrel
MOUNTING HOLE 0.140 - 0.143 (3.56 - 3.63) DIA TYP
0.185 - 0.208 (4.70 - 5.28) 0.620 - 0.640 (15.75 - 16.26) 0.180 - 0.200 (4.57 - 5.08)
0.242 BSC (6.15 BSC)
0.819 - 0.844 (20.80 - 21.44)
0.170 - 0.216 (4.32 - 5.49)
Dimensions: inch (mm)
0.780 - 0.800 (19.81 - 20.32)
0.040 - 0.055 (1.02 - 1.40)
0.100 BSC (2.54 BSC)
0.080 - 0.100 (2.03 - 2.54) 0.016 - 0.031 (0.41 - 0.79)
5-Lead TO-247 (WT)
March 2000
19
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
Micrel
MICREL INC. 1849 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131
TEL
USA
+ 1 (408) 944-0800
FAX
+ 1 (408) 944-0970
WEB
http://www.micrel.com
This information is believed to be accurate and reliable, however no responsibility is assumed by Micrel for its use nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties resulting from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent right of Micrel Inc. (c) 2000 Micrel Incorporated
MIC29150/29300/29500/29750
20
March 2000

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